Distrust of the Italian Airlines leads to growth on the track

In December 2008 a third more travellers were reported using the super new train service of Italy affectionately called "The Frecciarossa" which commutes between the mega cities of Rome and Milan. 

Clearly the Italian Railway is launching a competitive challenge to Alitalia, Air One and the Budget Airlines that frequent the skies of Italy. 

As I travel around Italy frequently, it comes as no surprise to me that would be travellers are seeking reliable and comfortable alternatives. All too often passengers are treated with contempt in Italy or treated as an inconvenience at the airport. The lost luggage situation and luggage handler pilfering of items in transit is notoriously bad in Italy and I recommend all travellers to try and avoid checking-in luggage. This would be true for neighbouring France also. 

Concerning the positive development of the Frecciarrossa (meaning Red Arrow) and its clean streamlined high-speed service that covers the 600KM journey from Milan to Rome in just 3.5 hours, it is a welcome alternative service that transports passengers from one centre of town to another. No nasty Security checks here or long drawn out queues at every juncture of the process. 

Let's hope that they expand the services offered to more cities and that the airlines in Italy wake up meanwhile! 

Grant Holmes 
Editor 
Perpetual Traveller

Increased rights for EU passengers

Undoubtedly the EU is taking a Global lead in protecting Air Passenger rights, which at Perpetual Traveller we whole heartily approve of. Its only a shame that IATA (the air transport association) and IAPA (internationa air passengers association) do not do more to support such measures on a global scale. 

Thanks to EU intervention, a technical fault with the engine on a plane is no longer considered to be an exceptional circumstance, according to a ruling from the European Court of Justice. 

As a direct result, airlines are now obliged to compensate passengers if a flight is cancelled due to that old addage "a technical problem". 

The only exceptional circumstances, that are now considered according to the European Court of Justice, are the following... 

- Acts of terror 
- Sabotage 
- Manufacturing faults on the plane 

Subsequently, technical delays could now give you a financial boost for the hassle! 

Grant Holmes 
Editor 
Perpetual Traveller

Airlines gearing up for heavy losses

Mark my words, the situation in the Airline Industry is nothing short of a financial disaster! 

To illustrate, IATA (International Air Transport Association) is reported to state that it expects losses to the tune of 5 billion USD worldwide in 2009. 

The head of IATA Giovanni Bisignani said "The Industry is curreny facing its worst conditions for 50 years". 

It sewems that although the price of oil recenty dropped notably, the sector is suffering from a massive decline in passenger numbers, both business and private. 

The airlines in best position to survive this downturn are the stronger Budget Airlines such as Easyjet. 

Let's hope that the Industry takes a long introspective look at itself and starts to increase the quality of services again, with more options balanced with price. 

Grant Holmes 
Editor 
Perpetual Traveller

Eurostar links UK with Switzerland

Eurostar high speed rail service has introduced through fares for as many as 18 Swiss cities.

The development was made possible as the Company teamed up with Lyria, which operates high speed trains between France and Switzerland, to provide passengers with 1 complete ticket for the entire journey.  

The key Swiss cities covered by the deal are Geneva, Lausanne, Zurich, Basel and Bern and the speediest journey involved are 6 hours 28 minutes to Geneva, 6 hours 19 minutes to Basel and 6 hours 50 minutes to Lausanne. The trips to Zurich and Bern both take more than 7 hours in total. 

Would be passengers will need to transfer from the Gare du Nord, where Eurostar arrives in Paris, to other main stations in the city. Return fares start from under £100, which is generally more than the Budget Airlines are charging, however potentially more convenient and hassle free. 

Eurostar’s Director of Communications Simon Montague said: “We are always looking at ways to facilitate greener travel throughout Europe on high-speed trains - we will continue to explore the various opportunities that will allow us to extend our range of destinations in the future.”

For more information visit www.eurostar.com.

A HOLIDAY FIT FOR A SULTAN

Wistfulness for ancient times and desire for progress, battlemented forts and modern architecture, Bedouin villages and creative designer hotels, Islamic culture and equal opportunities. Welcome to Oman, on the extreme south-eastern end of the Arabian peninsula, one of the most fashionable destinations of the moment. From years of being shrouded in total obscurantism, the country has been brought into the future by the hand of an enlightened sultan, Qaboos bin Said, who has given the country a major economic and social impetus by developing an exclusive tourism industry to replace (well, mostly) the revenues that were brought in up to now by oil. 
The first port of call is Muscat, once a stop on the trade route from Zanzibar to India and China, so near and yet so far from Dubai. Here, for at least an hour, you can forget palm-tree peninsulas, high-tech glittering skyscrapers and real estate megaprojects. In the city, which is formed by three central suburbs—Old Muscat, Mutrah and Ruwi— separated by rocks forming a physical barrier to urban development, today the traveller can enjoy a sense of measured equilibrium. Grand, three-lane avenues glide between low-rise, residential buildings in neo-Arabic style, carefully-tended gardens, battlemented porticoes, and curious traffic islands shaped like gazelles or khanjars, the traditional Oman daggers with curved blades. Essential and rigorous lines also form the exterior of the Grand Mosque, the only mosque that allows non-Muslims to enter and the interior of which astonishes with its magnificence: comprising five minarets, it holds up to 22,000 people, has an eight-metre-wide Swarovski chandelier and a carpet weighing 21 tons on which 600 women worked for four years. Mutrah, the port zone along the seafront promenade, with its houses built by Portuguese traders and their balconies edged almost like lace, is suffused with an old-world atmosphere. You’ll find more atmosphere in the souk, an essential stop on your tour to shop for incense, spices, essences and jewellery, and in the Museum of Bait al-Zybair, a former residence that today hosts the biggest private collection of local art, and in the Jalali fort, another temple of Oman cultural heritage, but unfortunately not one that is open to the public. 
But if this one is inaccessible (it’s still in use by the police, military and diplomatic corps), there are over a thousand other sites that aren’t, including forts, towers and castles. Of these, the Jebreen fort, in the interior region of Dakhiliah, is one of the best preserved, as is the fort at Nizwa, once a major crossroads on the caravan route, where it is customary to peruse the souk square. 
But Oman doesn’t end there. There’s the desert, epitomised in Wahiba Sand with dunes up to 200 metres high and bleach-white villages where women still wear the burkha, the fabric mask that leaves just the eyes uncovered. Oman also has crystal clear seas to discover on excursions in traditional dhow lateen sail vessels, perhaps on a dolphin sighting tour, and also in the southern region of Dhofar, on the border with Yemen. This is another Oman: the beaches around Salalah and the natural geysers surging from the rocks astonish visitors against an unexpectedly emerald-green and tropical landscape, watered by southwest monsoons. This is the most renowned place in the world for producing incense: in ancient times, incense resin was so prized that it was given personally, by hand, by the Queen of Sheba to King Solomon. It’s no coincidence that silver frankincense is today one of the ingredients of what is known as “the most precious perfume in the world”: the Amouage brand created in 1983 by the Sultan of Oman. Traditionally offered by the royal family and by the Sultan himself during State visits, it’s sought-after by many Hollywood celebrities as well. Maybe this is another one of the many contrasts of Oman.

Bulgaria

Summary

There is an underlying threat from terrorism. Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.

The main types of incidents for which British nationals required consular assistance in Bulgaria in 2007 involved petty crime and, replacing lost or stolen passports. You should be aware of young pickpockets in city centres and tourist resorts especially in crowded areas e.g. buses, trains and busy streets. Keep valuable belongings in a hotel safe where possible. If you need to contact the emergency services in Bulgaria call 112.

You should carry a copy of the information pages of your passport at all times as proof of identity.

We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake.

Local Travel 
 
Most cities and larger towns have cheap and extensive public transport. There are regular bus services between most major towns in the country. There are several car-hire companies, including Hertz and Avis. It is possible to fly between Sofia and the two major towns on the Black Sea coast, Varna and Bourgas. If travelling on a domestic air flight, you should have your passport ready for inspection.
 
Taxis are plentiful and cheap, although vehicles may not be in very good condition. Most taxis are metered and the yellow taxis are generally considered reliable. It is advisable, however, to check the tariffs on the vehicle window before boarding as they can vary considerably. At Sofia airport you should use a taxi from one of the two companies (OK and Express) operating the official rank. From Varna Airport "Stil" Taxi and from Bourgas Airport "Srebrin Argirov -ORAK" companies operate the official rank.

Road Travel
 
If you enter Bulgaria in a private vehicle, you must have your driving licence, all original registration and ownership documents (including logbook) as well as evidence of insurance valid in Bulgaria. If you have hired a car you must have the original contract document, which should state that the vehicle can be brought into Bulgaria. Border officials will impound your vehicle if they are not satisfied that you own it or have permission to use it in Bulgaria.

Tolls are charged on motorways and main roads out of town. These are payable in Euros. The rate for cars is currently €5 for a one week vignette and €12 for one month. Rates are much higher for freight vehicles and coaches for eight or more passengers. Vignettes can be purchased at ports and border points, and are also available from post offices, large petrol stations and DZI bank offices. You will be fined if you do not carry the appropriate vignette.

Under Bulgarian law, vehicles that are registered outside the EU are considered to be ‘temporarily imported’ when driven inside Bulgaria. If they are stolen on Bulgarian soil, the owners will be liable for import duty and related taxes. Cars registered in the Channel Islands and the Isles of Man are subject to this legislation.
 
Take care when driving, particularly at night. Many roads are in poor condition and road works are often unlit or unmarked. Driving standards are generally poor. Avoid confrontations with aggressive drivers who may be armed. You should observe the speed limit and ensure that your vehicle is roadworthy. Spot fines are charged for minor violations.

Some criminals have been reported to impersonate traffic policemen and impose “fines” or even steal vehicles and personal belongings on major routes . If you are crossing Bulgaria by car, you should try to travel in daylight hours.

Rail Travel 

If travelling by train, you should check with operators on the availability of sleeping compartments and whether bicycles can be taken on board. This may vary between regions, and there may be additional charges. Thieves operate on trains, so take particular care that documents and other valuables are safe. The train system is very poor by European standards and most Bulgarians prefer to travel by inter-city buses, which are frequent, relatively fast and comfortable.

Local laws and customs

The Bulgarian authorities treat all drug-related (including possession) and or sex offences very seriously (the age of consent is 16). Custodial sentences can be expected for any foreigners convicted of such offences. Offences relating to drunken, disorderly behaviour and hooliganism may also be treated more seriously than in the UK.

Homosexuality is no longer illegal, but Bulgarians tend not to be very open about the subject and the gay community generally keeps a low profile. There are a few gay bars and clubs in Sofia and, to a lesser extent, in other major towns in Bulgaria.

Be careful if you are taking photographs in security-sensitive areas such as airports.  If in doubt, ask permission.

Visas

If you wish to visit Bulgaria for longer than three months, and/or reside in Bulgaria on a more permanent basis exercising an EU Treaty right (for example as a worker, student, self-employed person or self-sufficient person), you will need to register with the police to obtain the appropriate permit. Dual nationals of Bulgaria and any other country should enter and exit Bulgaria on their Bulgarian passports. It is always advisable to carry your Bulgarian travel document with you as well as that of your second nationality.

Passport Validity

All citizens, including EU citizens, should ensure that their passports are valid for at least three months after their departure from Bulgaria.

Currency regulations

If you wish to enter or leave Bulgaria with cash of any currency amounting to the equivalent of Leva 8000 (approx. £3,000) or more, you must declare it to customs officials. If you wish to export cash of any currency amounting to the equivalent of Leva 25,000 (approx. £9,000) or more, you will be required to show documentation showing the origin of the funds and proof that no outstanding liabilities are owed to the National Revenue Agency.

New legislation on the controls of cash entering or leaving the EU also applies in all EU Member States. Any person entering or leaving the EU has to declare the cash they are carrying if this amounts to €10,000 or more; this includes cheques, travellers' cheques, money orders, etc. This does not apply to anyone travelling via the EU to a non-EU country, as long as the original journey started outside of the EU, nor to those travelling within the EU.

Travelling with children

All children entering Bulgaria will need to have their own passport. Children included in parents' passports will only be allowed in if the passport also contains their photograph. Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting children to leave the country. 

Money

There are many exchange bureaux in Bulgaria that normally exchange all major currencies. However, check the rates of exchange before making a transaction and where possible, you should change money in banks or in large hotels. If you have travellers’ cheques you may need to go to a bank anyway.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Summary

There is an underlying threat from terrorism in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.

Tensions between ethnic and religious groups occasionally result in demonstrations. Since Kosovo's declaration of independence from Serbia in February 2008 there have been a number of demonstrations in various locations across the Republika Srpska, some have targeted Western interests. There also continues to be a risk of further, smaller demonstrations. You should remain vigilant and avoid large crowds and demonstrations.

Unexploded landmines remain a real danger, particularly in isolated areas in the mountains and countryside. You should therefore be careful not to stray from roads and paved areas without an experienced guide. See the Local Travel section of this advice for more details.

An increasing number of British tourists visit Bosnia and Herzegovina each year. Most visits are trouble-free. The main type of incident for which British nationals required consular assistance in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2007 was for replacing lost or stolen passports. You should be aware of pickpockets in the tourist and pedestrian areas of Sarajevo and on public transport.

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. This insurance should cover medical evacuation by air ambulance. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake.

Country Profile 

There is also a small risk of isolated violence linked to the return of displaced persons or the arrest of war crimes suspects. This can occur without any warning anywhere in the country.
 
Following Kosovo's declaration of independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008 there have been a number of small demonstrations across the Republika Srpska, some targeted at Western interests. A larger protest took place in Banja Luka on 21 February, which was successfully controlled by the police. On 26 February there was a large demonstration in Banja Luka and another large demonstration took place in Banja Luka on 27 March. There remains a risk of further, smaller demonstrations across the Republika Srpska. You should remain vigilant and avoid large crowds or public demonstrations.

Local Travel 
 
There continues to be a widespread danger of landmines and other unexploded ordnance from the 1992-95 war. Highly populated areas and major routes are now clear of mines and are safe to visit. But although the tarmaced roads themselves may be clear on major routes, there are many landmines close to the edge of roads. You should therefore be careful not to stray from roads and paved areas without an experienced guide. Unless you have an experienced guide, you should also avoid the open countryside and especially avoid destroyed or abandoned buildings and abandoned villages. Abandoned buildings, even in the towns or cities may be booby trapped with mines. 

Road Travel 

You must have a valid international driving licence with your image and signature to drive in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

If you are driving to, or through, Bosnia and Herzegovina, including the 9.5 km road section at Neum on the Dalmatian Coastal Highway, you should ensure that your Green Card includes cover for Bosnia and Herzegovina. If this is not the case, temporary third-party insurance can be purchased at the main border posts, or in Split and other large Croatian cities. Insurance cannot be obtained at the Neum border. You should also ensure that you have all original registration and ownership papers relating to your vehicle with you as border guards, customs or the insurance company may want to see them.

Traffic laws and regulations in Bosnia and Herzegovina are similar to those of other western European countries. Details are available on AA and RAC websites. Drivers should familiarize themselves with these before commencing their journey. Apart from the outskirts of Sarajevo there are no dual carriageways in the country. You should exercise caution when travelling outside the main towns and cities, especially in winter when road conditions can deteriorate rapidly.

From 15th November to 15th of April next year you are legally required to use winter equipment on your vehicle. This means: all tyres on a vehicle should have MS, M+S or M&S mark on a side of a tyre as well as stylised symbol of a snowflake; the thread of tyre should be at least 4 mm deep
summer tyres with minimum 4 mm deep thread, but the set of chains for a driving wheels should be carried in a vehicle and used in winter conditions (snow and/or ice).

You should exercise extreme caution when driving at night as many roads are badly lit or have no lighting at all. Long-distance travel at night should therefore be avoided. You should take care when overtaking and when approaching traffic lights as local drivers have a habit of breaking suddenly when traffic lights change to amber. If you are involved in an accident you should remain at the scene of the accident until the police arrive. The police may breathalyse those involved. Traffic police have the power to impose on the spot fines for any traffic offence.

You should keep to surfaced roads and not stray off-road without an experience local guide as there continues to be a widespread danger of landmines and other unexploded ordnance.

Air Travel 

Bosnia's only International airport at Sarajevo is particularly prone to fog during the winter months – October until March and particularly during December and January. If travelling into or out of Sarajevo during the winter, ensure that you have sufficient finances if you are forced to extend your stay, as most airlines will no longer take responsibility for accommodation due to delays caused by adverse weather.

Visas

British nationals do not need a visa to enter Bosnia and Herzegovina as a visitor for a total period of no longer than 90 days within the period of six months following their first entry.

Passport validity

You must ensure that your passport is in good condition and valid for at least six months beyond the date of your expected departure from the country.

Registration

All foreign nationals must register with the police within 48 hours of arrival. Hotels will usually arrange this for their guests. If you are intending to stay in Bosnia and Herzegovina for more than six months you must apply for temporary residence in addition to registering with the local police.

Insurance 

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. This insurance should cover medical evacuation by air ambulance. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake. 

Money 

Most transactions in Bosnia and Herzegovina are in cash. The local currency is the Bosnian Mark, although Euro notes - but not coins - are also widely accepted. Cashing travellers’ cheques is possible at some banks. Cashpoints are available in increasing numbers in the larger cities. The acceptance of credit and debit cards outside of Sarajevo is also becoming more widespread. It is still advisable to carry enough cash with you when you are travelling outside major cities.

Weather Forces Shuttle Landing in California

 More bad weather across Florida forced NASA to land the space shuttle Atlantis at Edwards Air Force Base in California this morning (5/24).

Read more

By Planet Data

TSA Cancels Use of Airport "Puffer" Machines

United States — In a blog post Thursday (5/22), the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) announced it is phasing out the use of "puffer" machines used to screen passengers for trace amounts of explosives.

The TSA says it finds the devices, officially known as Explosive Trace Portals (ETPs), "do not meet the requirements for operational suitability due to frequent maintenance issues." Airports that have ETPs will continue to use them for now, but apparently no new devices will be procured.

Read more

By Planet Data

Perpetual Travellers “Top June Events”

Genoa Italy 30 May - 1 Jun “A Thousand Sails”

La Regatta delle Antiche Repubbliche Marinare - (A Thousand Sails) is held every four years in the fascinating city of Genoa, this historic boat race and procession has been staged since 1956. As well as costumes and spectacular boats, there are scenes from medieval history and a race between teams of contestants from the ancient maritime cities of Genoa, Pisa, Venice and Amalfi. More specifically this traditional regatta is held in the bay of Genoa's Porto Antico.

Further information: www.apt.genova.it 

St Petersburg, Russia: White Nights Festival 15TH May - 5th July  

The White Nights Festival in St. Petersburg, Russia is an annual international cultural event. The White Nights Festival consists of a series of classical ballet, opera and music events and includes performances by Russian dancers, singers, musicians and actors, as well as famous international guest stars. The Scarlet Sails celebration is the culmination of the White Nights season, the largest public event anywhere in Russia with an expected attendance of about one million people, most of whom are students from hundreds of schools and colleges, both local and international.

The White Nights Festival is officially organized under the egis of the Saint Petersburg City Administration. The festival officially begins in May with the "Stars of the White Nights" at Mariinsky Theatre and ends in July of each year. However, many performances in connection with the White Nights Festival may often take place before and after the actual White Nights time frame.

Further information: www.thisisthelife.com 

Fez, Morocco: 15th Annual World Sacred Music Festival & Tour 30th May – 3rd June 

Travelers from all over the world will meet in the holy and mysterious city of Fez - Morocco, for the 15th Annual World Sacred Music Festival. A sacred place and a noble event where leading musicians of world calibre will share sacred music from the spiritual traditions of both East and West. Join in the spirit of this unique multi-cultural event and experience the beauty and majesty of the world's most moving sacred music. "Creative Pathways" is this year’s theme. 

Further information: www.morocco-fezfestival.com

Reykjavik, Iceland: Independence Day 17th June  

Celebrated throughout the country, 17 June commemorates the day in 1944 when Iceland gained full independence from Denmark. The day is honored with all manner of events taking place around the country and particularly in Reykjavik ranging from parades and parties to street theatre and live music performances. The day itself is actually the birthday of Jon Sigurdsson, the peaceful campaigner who is largely credited for being the architect behind Iceland's move towards independence. The day is a national holiday throughout Iceland and a welcome escape from the current troubled times.

Further information: www.icelandtouristboard.com

Krakow, Poland: Lajkonik Festival 18th June 

The Lajkonik is a parade through the streets of the city's old town celebrating historic events that have surrounded the city since its founding 1400 years ago. One part of the parade is to remember the defeat of the Tartars, also known as the Mongols, in 1241. In the procession a man dressed in Mongol attire with a wooden horse around his waist is followed by musicians, young children and revelers. 

Starting from the 12th Century Convent of St Norbet, the march lasts for hours until it finishes at the historic market square, which incidentally is the largest medieval square in the world. 
This festival has taken place every June for the past 700 years, indicating the mark the invading forces left on the city. The historic city of Krakow is where Pope John Paul II was born.

Further information: www.krakow.pl 

Athens, Greece: European Music Day 18th June - 23rd June  

Each summer solstice, members of the European Music Day network (aka Fête Européenne de la Musique) organize free concerts all around the city. The European Music Day is gladly entering its 10th year of existence in Greece. Only in Athens, more than 800 music acts or 6.000 artists have shared the experience with 500.000 attendants… so far!

Further information: www.istc.org 

Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain: Grec Arts Festival from the 20th June 

The Grec 09 festival in Barcelona opens on 20 and 21 June, with the show 'El jardí dels estels' (Garden of Stars), by the great Italian masters, Marcello Chiarenza and Alessandro Serena.

Festival de Barcelona Grec, originally simply known as Grec, is one of Europe’s top cultural festivals, offering a blend of national and international productions. It was born in 1976 when a group of theatre professionals began demanding more playhouses and a higher profile for their profession. Over the years, Grec expanded into dance and music, hosting top names.
The Grec Festival is a Barcelona's largest annual Dance, Theatre and Music Festival with a huge programme of wonderful events in many venues in the city. There is something for everyone!

Further information: www.barcelonafestival.com

London, England: Wimbledon Tennis Championships 22nd June – 5th July

Anyone for Tennis? The Championships, Wimbledon, commonly referred to as Wimbledon, is the oldest major championship in tennis. It is also regarded by many to be the most prestigious tennis championship in the world. Held at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in 
London. The Lawn championships at Wimbledon have developed from a garden party atmosphere to a highly professional event attracting over 500,000 spectators.

Further information: www.wimbledon.org

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Vancouver International Jazz Festival 26th June – 5th July

This year’s Festival features over 1800 musicians from Canada and around the world. Many free performances including large outdoor concerts, eight major indoor concert series, and a host of nightclub shows. Over 510,000 people attended last year’s Festival.

Further information: www.coastaljazz.ca

Malta Moby Concert 28th June  

World-renowned DJ and songwriter Moby will be performing in Malta at a concert at the Gianpula fields on June 28.

The American musician shot to fame with his classic Play album in 1999, and since then has sold over 20 million records worldwide, winning scores of awards in the process.

Moby has been making music since he was nine years old, playing classical guitar before releasing his first single Go in 1991. His music has been used in hundreds of different films, including Tomorrow Never Dies and The Beach.

Further information: http://www.perpetualtravellernews.com/

Ticket information will be posted on pereptual Traveller

HEAVENLY ROME…

With your eyes pointed skywards, an unusual journey to some of the most evocative sacred locations in the city.

As we all know, Rome is a city that evokes strong emotions. Like those we feel when standing in front of the Coliseum, with its long history, or visiting the Vatican Museums, those mines of priceless treasures, or the Capitol, an architectural gem designed by the great Michelangelo: a journey along a sacred and privileged route within the Eternal City. 

Having visited the Lateran zone and the Basilica of St. John Lateran, the oldest of the Roman churches, with masterpieces such as the Sacred Altar which reputedly has pieces of the table used by Christ at the Last Supper, the next stop is the “Sancta Sanctorum” papal chapel. Opened to Costa guests for the first time, an exclusive for the Italian cruise market, entry to the chapel will give you the chance to glimpse the holiest place in Christendom. Here you’ll stop to admire the precious relics including an iron of Christ begun by St. Luke and, according to legend, finished by an angel called "Archeiropoeton" – Greek for “not made by human hands”. Close by is the "Scala Santa", a 28-step staircase that, according to the Catholic tradition, was walked by Christ when he was summoned by Pontius Pilate during his trial. Other sacred spots not to be missed are the famous Vatican Museums, of which there are 13 in all, developed as a result of the patronage and the passion for art of the various Popes. According to TripAdvisor, the online travel community, they are second only to the Louvre in terms of the most loved museums by tourists. Part of the museums, but also one of Rome’s biggest artistic attractions in its own right, is the Sistine Chapel, with its frescoes by Perugino, Botticelli and Michelangelo who, as well as frescoing the vault, also painted The Last Judgment. The final destination is St. Peter’s Square which, marked off by the Bernini Colonnade, hosts the largest Basilica in Christendom, a home to works of inestimable value such as Michelangelo’s Pietà and the Baldacchino by Bernini. 

From shrine to shrine in search of the Madonnelle

Yet the Eternal City also surprises for its unexpected panoramas, sudden splendours and hidden masterpieces, a prime example being the small holy sanctuaries. Little gems of urban furniture that the Romans call ‘Madonnelle’ – ‘little Madonnas’. In the historic city centre, on centuries-old buildings and on street corners, there are over 500 sacred images on canvases and panels, in marble, stucco, metal, terra cotta and wood. The authors? Some great masters, but also many other unknown and talented artists. 

An unusual journey, from Via dei Coronari to Campo de’ Fiori

Walking though the old neighbourhoods of Ponte, Parione and Regola, opposite St. Peter’s on the banks of the Tiber is the most important ‘Madonnella’ in Rome. On the corner of Via dei Coronari, known for its antique shops, and Via Domizio is the Immagine di Ponte, painted by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger in 1523. A short distance away, between Piazza dell’Orologio and Via del Governo Vecchio, is the magnificent 17th century mosaic Madonna with Child attributed to Borromini. 

On the corner of Corso Rinascimento and Via Canestrari, is the visually striking the Immaculate Conception. Just round the corner, in Via dei Banchi Vecchi, is a 19th century Baby Jesus with con St. Anthony and, practically behind Campo de’ Fiori, a Cristo del Monte di Pietà by great architect Carlo Maderno.

They have been defined as “artistic crafts”, “urban décor”, and “minor works”. In any case, they are popular antique treasures, dating from the Renaissance up until to present day, that form an integral part of the urban landscape and belong to everyone. All you need do is lift your eyes skywards.

Greetings from Vienna Airport

Greetings from Vienna Airport where red is the colour. Here they take Security seriously and for some non Schengen flight the Passport Passport control is at the gate, along with a second security check and 3 checks of ones Boarding card. 

On the topic of security at airports, which is a process that few people like and all experienced travellers know could be handled more intelligently so as not to alienate passengers, we are often asked how can one make the experience a little smoother.

Well to start with what you actual wear when dressing to be processed through airport security can make a difference. Here are some tips...

WHAT YOU WEAR
1) Avoid wearing a belt, so that you do not have to put it on and off again in public within confined. All your efforts should be focussed on retrieving your personal items. Wear elasticated trousers or closer fitting trousers. 

2) Carry a light empty pouch (preferably with a zip) then place your watch, rings, bracelets, coins and metal items inside so that a) you don't lose anything b) everything is in one place and c) you can put the items back on in a more comfortable place away from the confinement and hassle of the security area.

3) Always wear a Jacket or Blazer, which has many uses, such as somewhere to hold your Passport and Boarding card, a pocket to place your pouch in and other potential valuables such as a Smart phone or sunglasses in the top pocket.

4) SHOES: Do not wear shoes with metal buckles to avoid taking them off. In the event you are forced to take your shoes off (many airport authorities insist) then always wear your most comfortable slip on shoes to avoid having to untie and tie up again your shoes in a confined public space, with other people pushing you from behind to move on. 

The above information will be contained within a Security report coming soon to Perpetual Traveller.

TSA Reminds Flyers About Using Correct Information

The U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is launching a public awareness campaign to educate the American air traveling public about new identification requirements being phased in under the "Secure Flight" program.

With Secure Flight, the TSA is assuming responsibility from the individual airlines for uniform pre-flight watch list matching. The first requirement of Secure Flight is for passengers to make sure when booking reservations to use their name exactly as it appears on the piece of identification they plan to use at the airport. This went into effect May 15. 

The next requirements, coming later this summer, will be for flyers to provide their birthdates and sex when booking flights.

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By Planet Data

Trinidad and Tobago Flights Canceled Due to Bad Fuel

Caribbean Airlines had to cancel flights in both Trinidad and Tobago on Tuesday because of poor quality fuel received from the state-owned National Petroleum (NP).

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By Planet Data

Four Men Charged in Plot to Shoot Down Military Jets

Four men have been arrested in Newburgh, New York for allegedly plotting to blow-up a synagogue in the Riverdale section of the Bronx, and shoot down National Guard airplanes with surface-to-air missiles.

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By Planet Data

Iran Claims Long Range Missile Test a Success

Iran test-fired a new advanced missile today (5/20). President Ahmadinejad claims the missile has a range of about 1,200, which is enough to strike Israel, southeastern Europe, and U.S. bases in the Persian Gulf. It is reported that U.S. officials confirmed the launch, but not the details of the missile's range.

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By Planet Data

More than 90 Dead in Indonesian Military Plane Crash

Indonesia — An Indonesian military transport plane crashed into a village today as it was coming in for a landing at an air force base. At least 97 people in the aircraft and on the ground were killed, but there are some survivors. The plane was carrying military personnel and their families.

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By Planet Data

U.S. Navy Helicopter Crashes in Ocean Off Southern California

United States — Late Tuesday night a U.S. Navy helicopter went down in Mexican waters about 13 miles southwest of San Diego. The U.S. Coast Guard is on the scene and looking for survivors. A USCG spokesperson told CNN five people were on board when the copter crashed.

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By Planet Data

Belgium

Summary

There is a general threat from terrorism. Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers. Belgium shares a common level of threat with neighbouring European countries. On 11 December 2008 a number of terrorist suspects were arrested in Belgium. 

Theft and pick pocketing is a problem in crowded areas. You should take extra care, particularly of your belongings and passports, at all train stations in Brussels, but in particular at the Gare du Midi (Eurostar terminal) and Gare Du Nord in Brussels. Try to avoid walking around these latter areas at night time, particularly if you are on your own.

We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake.

Road Safety 
 
If you wish to drive in Belgium you must have a valid driving licence, insurance and vehicle documents. If you are driving a vehicle that does not belong to you then written permission from the registered owner may also be requested.
  
Belgian roads are generally in good condition and at night are well lit, including the motorway network. Traffic is fast and Belgium’s accident rate is high mainly due to speeding. In 2007 there were 1,103 road deaths in Belgium (source: DfT).
  
Speed traps, cameras and unmarked vehicles are operational throughout the country. Since February 2007 the following road regulations were brought into place:

If it is raining, hailing or snowing, vehicles of 7.5 tonnes or over are not allowed to overtake on motorways, highways or roads with a minimum of four lanes. 
Vehicles of 3.5 tonnes or over are not allowed to use the left lane on roads with more than three lanes. An exception is made when traffic approaches a fork in the motorway and vehicles have to move to the left or right hand lanes depending on their destination. 
The maximum speed for vehicles of 3.5 tonnes or over is now 90km/hr on motorways and highways of 2 x 2 lanes or more. 
If your vehicle breaks down and you are on the hard shoulder of the motorway, you must now wear a fluorescent jacket.
You should take great care to obey the ‘priority to the right’ rule, which was tightened up on March 2007. Drivers must give absolute priority to vehicles joining a road from the right, even if they have stopped at a road junction or stopped for pedestrians or cyclists. Exemptions to this rule include motorways, roundabouts, roads sign-posted with an orange diamond within a white background, and drivers who are attempting to join a road after having driven down a street in the wrong direction.
 
Trams have priority over other traffic. If a tram or bus stops in the middle of the road to allow passengers on or off, you must stop.
 
There is a speed restriction of 30 kms/hr in school areas, which is valid 24 hours (even when schools are closed). The start and finish of these zones are not always clearly marked.
 
Fines have increased dramatically (eg up to € 2,750 for exceeding the speed limit by 40 kms/hr). If you are unable to pay an on the spot fine your vehicles may be impounded. More detailed information is available on: http://ukinbelgium.fco.gov.uk.
 
Do not drink and drive, frequent alcohol checks are made, in daytime as well as at night. A maximum of 0.22 mg/l (0.5 promille) is allowed. A blood sample will be taken if you refuse to be breathalysed. Fines are heavy depending on the degree of intoxication and range from € 1,100 to € 11,000. In certain cases driving licences have been confiscated immediately.
 
Using a mobile 'phone while driving is not allowed and will incur a heavy fine. The use of "hands free" equipment is allowed.

Local laws and customs

You should carry your valid passport at all times, as Belgian law requires everyone to carry some form of identification.

Possession of drugs and trafficking in drugs are serious offences.

Visas 
 
Holders of British passports, describing them as "British Citizens", do not require visas to enter Belgium. If you intend to work or remain in Belgium for more than three months you must apply to the local communal authorities for a residence permit.

Passport validity 
 
Your passport should be valid for the duration of your stay.

Travelling with children 

Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting the children to leave the country.

Insurance 
  
We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake.

Emergency numbers 
 
Emergency numbers are 101 (for the police), 100 (for medical services), and 112 (from a mobile phone). 

Money 
 
Since 15 June 2007 new legislation on the controls of cash entering or leaving the EU apply in all Member States. Any person entering or leaving the EU will have to declare the cash that they are carrying if this amounts to 10,000 euros or more; this includes cheques, travellers' cheques, money orders, etc. This will not apply to anyone travelling via the EU to a non-EU country, as long as the original journey started outside of the EU nor to those travelling within the EU.

Belarus

The threat from terrorism is low. But you should be aware of the global risk of indiscriminate terrorist attacks which could be against civilian targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

Visas are required to enter, or travel through, Belarus. This includes anyone travelling by train on popular routes such as Warsaw-Moscow and St Petersburg-Kiev.  

There are strong penalties for possession or use of drugs and you should avoid taking photographs of military or government installations.

You must register your stay with the Belarus authorities if you intend to remain in the country for more than three days.

We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. 

Political Situation

Belarus is governed by a strong Presidential system with security forces loyal to it. Historically the authorities have shown little tolerance for their opposition counterparts. This has often been reflected in the sometimes heavy-handed use of the security forces to disperse or intimidate opposition events. You should therefore avoid any demonstrations or rallies.

Local Travel 

A bomb exploded at the Independence Day celebration concert on the night of 3-4 July 2008, injuring around 50 people. An official investigation is under way. Bombings are extremely unusual in Belarus, but you should take care at events where large number of people are gathered. Suspect packages have also been found on the underground in the weeks following the bombing. Underground stations were evacuated and the packages proved to be harmless. Nevertheless, you should exercise caution when travelling on public transport.

Road Travel

When travelling by private vehicle, you must be able to produce ownership documents or a letter of "power of attorney" at Custom's offices at border crossings. Only originals of these documents are accepted. You must have third party car insurance or you may get an “on-the-spot” fine. But you can only buy this when entering Belarus. Motorists should enquire at Customs’ border offices for information.

Drivers of foreign vehicles must pay a fee to use Belarus' highways. Payments are collected at border checkpoints and will vary according to the length of stay.
 
The quality of driving in Belarus is erratic. Belarus' "A-class" highways are in average to good condition. The condition of "B-class" roads varies considerably and some are impassable for periods in winter. Drivers should note that road works and potholes are usually poorly marked. Pony and trap combinations are a specific hazard for drivers in rural unlit areas.
 
You should observe the speed limit at all times. The standard speed limit is 60 kph (37 mph) in built up areas; 90 kph (55 mph) outside built up areas; and 100 kph (62 mph) on motorways (Brest-Moscow). Visiting motorists who have held a driving licence for less than two years must not exceed 70 kph (43 mph). The authorities operate a nil-tolerance policy in respect of drink driving.
 
Motorists should be aware that there may be long queues at the border, and that customs and immigration can be lengthy and bureaucratic. You should ignore “private facilitators” who offer to help travellers pass through checkpoints and border crossings. There are police checkpoints on routes throughout the country. Drivers should stop at these when instructed, and have the vehicle documentation to hand, otherwise you risk a fine and delay.
 
Motorists entering Belarus should ensure that they do not overstay the temporary import terms for their vehicles. Violation of the exit deadline may result in confiscation of your vehicle at the Belarusian border or if stopped at an in-country police checkpoint.

Air Travel

Some local airlines do not observe proper maintenance procedures. For your safety, where possible, you should fly directly to your destination on an international flight originating outside the former Soviet Union and Central Asia.

Local laws and customs

Belarus has severe penalties for drugs-related crimes. The penalties for possession of drugs range from fines to up to five years imprisonment. Large-scale drug-related offences can result in imprisonment of between seven and 15 years.

Homosexual relationships are permitted under Belarusian law. However, Belarus remains a conservative society and the gay/lesbian scene is very low profile. Few homosexuals openly declare themselves.

You should avoid taking photographs of all government buildings, military installations and uniformed officials. You should also be aware that you could be fined for jaywalking.

Visas 
  
Visas are required to enter or transit Belarus. This includes anyone travelling by train on popular routes such as Warsaw-Moscow and St Petersburg-Kiev. If you attempt to transit Belarus without a visa, the border authorities will send you to Minsk to obtain the appropriate visa. You may also be required to pay a fine of up to $300 and you may face deportation. Belarusian diplomatic offices and consulates issue visas. 
  
Passport validity 
  
Before setting off, you should ensure that your passport has at least six months’ validity and two unused pages.

Registration 
  
Anyone staying more than three days in Belarus must register with the local police office (OVIR) in the district in which they are staying. If you are staying in a hotel this will be arranged by the hotel. If you are not staying in a hotel this must be organised by your host. There are fines for not registering in time. If arriving at the weekend the earliest you will be able to register is Tuesday. Tuesday will count as the first of the three days.

Since February 2006, you need to complete a migration card to enter Belarus. Part B of the card will be stamped on arrival and should be retained. You will need to return it when leaving the country. The migration card must also be stamped at the local OVIR. This is done at the same time as registration. If you are staying in a hotel, they should do this for you. You should state on the migration card the period that you intend to stay in Belarus. If you decide to stay longer than the period stated, you should ensure you extend the validity of the migration card (and your visa if necessary) at OVIR. A new migration card was introduced on 1 November 2006, which is common to Russia and Belarus. The format and procedures remain the same.

Declaration of currency and goods 
  
You must complete a currency and goods declaration form on entering Belarus. This must be completed accurately and must be stamped on entry by a Customs Officer. You will not be allowed to take out from Belarus more currency than you originally declared on the currency declaration form on entry to Belarus. You should keep these forms for the duration of your visit. When leaving Belarus you will have to complete a new form but you should also have the original form to hand. If you do not do so, your journey may be delayed and you may be fined.
  
Travelling with children 

Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting the children to leave the country. Children of Belarusian parentage, regardless of where they were born or any other nationality they may have, are required to have a Belarusian travel document to travel to Belarus. 

Insurance 
  
We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake.

Money

Sterling is not widely accepted for exchange into Belarusian Roubles. We advise that you carry a mix of US Dollars and Euros. Ensure you have enough money for the duration of your stay.

The number of ATMs is steadily increasing in major cities. Credit cards are not widely used but can be used to withdraw cash at major hotels and banks. Some large stores and restaurants will take them.

Only exchange foreign currency at Government licensed booths. These can be found in or near major stores, hotels, banks and all shopping centres. Non-compliance can result in fines and/or arrest.

Passports

The British Embassy in Minsk does not issue passports. Applications for new passports are accepted in Minsk for forwarding to the British Embassy in Moscow for processing, but this takes at least four weeks. If you use a courier you will have to pay the cost.

Azerbaijan

Summary

We advise against all travel to Nagorno-Karabakh and the military occupied area surrounding it.

Azerbaijan faces a general threat from terrorism. Attacks could be indiscriminate and against civilian targets and places frequented by foreigners.

Outbreaks of Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) in Azerbaijan have led to a small number of human fatalities. The last fatality was in 2006.

You should avoid any political rallies or public gatherings of a political nature.

The main type of incident for which British nationals required consular assistance in 2007 was replacing lost and stolen passports. Crime against foreigners is generally low, but does occur.

For identification purposes you should carry the correct form of document at all times.

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling.

You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake.

Country Profile

The political situation in Azerbaijan is calm. Presidential elections held in 2003 and 2008, and parliamentary elections in 2005 and 2006 failed to meet international standards.  
Demonstrations, both opposition and Government sponsored, occasionally take place in Azerbaijan, and mainly in Baku. Opposition rallies are usually heavily policed and there has been violence on occasions. We recommend that you keep well away from any official or unofficial gathering of a political nature.

Local Travel 

We advise against all travel to Nagorno-Karabakh and the military occupied area surrounding it. This area is the subject of a continuing dispute between Azerbaijan and Armenia and although a cease-fire has been in place since 1994 there are regular exchanges of gunfire across the Line of Contact. Some areas may be heavily land mined.

You should not attempt to enter or leave Azerbaijan via the land borders with Russia (i.e. Dagestan) as these are closed to foreign nationals. If you hold a valid visa it is possible to cross the Iranian border at Astara.

Road Travel 

You can drive in Azerbaijan using a licence issued by an EU country or by using an International Driving Licence.

Care should be taken when driving in Azerbaijan (particularly at night). Many roads and are of poor quality and are badly lit. Many cars are poorly maintained, and the standard of driving is erratic. Most taxis do not have seat belts.

Drink driving laws are strict and there is a zero limit on drinking alcohol and driving.

Rail Travel 

As with other forms of public transport the Baku Metro is poorly maintained, often overcrowded and has inadequate safety and emergency equipment and procedures. Should you travel by train, secure your valuables, do not leave the compartment unattended, and lock the door from the inside.

Air Travel 
 
It is not known whether safety procedures on aircraft used for internal and regional flights meet international standards. You should take this into consideration before using internal or regional flights.

Visas

The Azerbaijan Ministry for Foreign Affairs have stated that the new fees for single entry visas will match the fee charged for a UK six-Month Multiple Entry Visa - £63.00 (AZN 111). The fee can be paid in US dollars and Azerbaijani manats. You are advised to carry a sufficient amount of either currency to cover the cost of a visa. There are cash machines at the airport but these may not always work. In addition to the fee you should present two passport-sized photographs. A letter of invitation is also requested.
 
Please ensure to check the duration of your visa as soon as it is given to avoid unintentional illegal overstaying and problems with Immigration at the airport on leaving Azerbaijan.
 
Your visa should be valid when departing Azerbaijan. Extensions can be obtained at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Baku, 4 ShikhaliGurban Street, Baku (telephone 492 8383). An exit visa, which you would require if your visa has expired, costs AZN 111. You may also be liable for a fine for overstaying.
  
Passport validity 
  
Passport should be valid for at least six months from the date of entry into Azerbaijan.
 
Caspian Sea ferry services 
  
If you intend to take one of the Caspian Sea ferry services from Azerbaijan to Turkmenistan or Kazakhstan you should be aware that you need a valid visa for that country before you travel. You may find that if you arrive at your destination without a valid visa you will be returned back to Azerbaijan. Please note that there is no Embassy of Turkmenistan in Baku. Visas for Turkmenistan should be obtained before arriving in Azerbaijan.
  
Staying for longer than 30 days 

All foreign nationals staying in Azerbaijan for longer than 30 days are required to carry an official ID card. This can be obtained from the police station nearest to your residence. We advise you to carry a photocopy of your passport details page and existing Azerbaijan visa while your application for a new or renewed visa or ID card is being processed. This can take between 1-2 weeks. Ministry of Interior Police conduct random checks of expatriates, and have detained some who were not carrying valid ID cards in accordance with the law.
 
Travelling with children 

Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting the children to leave the country. 

Insurance 
 
You are advised to obtain comprehensive medical as well as travel insurance to cover illness, injury and loss of money, baggage and tickets before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. Serious illness or injury may require evacuation to Turkey or Western Europe so you should ensure that your insurance covers this.

Money 
 
All goods and services should be paid for in local currency (Manats). However, US Dollars and the Euro are widely used. Sterling, US Dollars and Euros can easily be exchanged for the local currency. Major hotels and international supermarkets and restaurants accept credit cards. You are advised not to carry large amounts of cash. ATMs can be found in most major towns and cities. 

Austria

Summary

There is a general threat from terrorism. Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.

There are complex driving laws in Austria, especially for caravan and motorhome owners.

If you intend to ski you should be aware that during and around the winter season there is continued danger of avalanches in some areas of Austria. Even during summer time this danger still exists for snow covered areas. You should take advice on weather and avalanche conditions before you travel and also while you are in the resort.

We advise you to carry your passport with you at all times as proof of identification.

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling to Austria. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake.

Road Travel 

Only persons over 18 years of age holding valid driving licences may drive in Austria. The only exceptions to this rule are under 17 year olds who drive for practice reasons under supervision and have met the required legal conditions.
  

The legal limit in Austria is 50 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood (and/or 10 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood for beginners, coach and HGV drivers) and penalties for driving under influence are strict.
 
High visibility warning vests are required for all drivers. They need to be stored within reach of the driver and must be worn day or night when exiting the vehicle on the hard shoulder or in the event of breakdown. Only "hands free" mobile telephones can be used whilst driving.
 
From 1 January 2008, it will no longer be compulsory for cars to be driven with headlights switched on throughout the day all year round. 

If you use Austrian motorways (“Autobahn”) and "S" roads you must display a Motorway Vignette on the inside of the wind shield of your vehicle as you enter Austria. Failure to have one will mean a heavy, on-the-spot fine. Motorway Vignettes are obtainable at all major border crossings into Austria and at larger petrol stations.

All vehicles above 3.5 tonnes maximum permitted laden weight and using the Austrian network of motorways and express ways are required to attach a small device - called the “GO-Box” - to their windscreen. Note that this includes larger private vehicles such as motor caravans that are above the weight limit. If your vehicle is close to the weight limit you are advised to carry documentation confirming the maximum permitted laden weight. If your registration documents do not clearly state this, you will need to produce alternative certification e.g. from a weighbridge.

The GO-Box uses the high frequency range to communicate with the around 400 fixed-installation toll points covering the whole of Austria, making it possible to effect an automatic toll deduction without slowing down or stopping the flow of traffic. The on-board devices can be obtained for a one-off handling fee of Euro 5.00 at approximately 220 sales centres in Austria and in neighbouring countries, or via the Internet.
  
Travelling with children 
  
Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that Austria requires documentary evidence of parental responsibility (e.g. a consent letter) before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting the children to leave the country. 

Insurance 
  
We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake.

Money 
 
Since 15 January 2007 new legislation on the controls of cash entering or leaving the EU apply in all Member States. Any person entering or leaving the EU will have to declare the cash that they are carrying if this amounts to 10,000 euros or more; this includes cheques, travellers' cheques, money orders, etc. This will not apply to anyone travelling via the EU to a non-EU country, as long as the original journey started outside of the EU nor to those travelling within the EU.

Photos of Hudson River Airplane Salvage

Wired.com has an article about the interesting story of photographer Stephen Mallon, the man tapped to photograph the Hudson River salvage of US Air Flight 1549. There are also some impressive photographs accompanying the piece.

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By Planet Data

TSA Asking Travelers to Put Shoes Directly on X-Ray Belt

 According to a TSA Blog post, starting this past week TSA security screeners around the nation "will be asking passengers to put their shoes directly on the X-ray belt instead of in a bin at the checkpoint."

The reasons why? To "declutter bins and give officers a better view of shoes coming through, as well as everything else."

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By Planet Data

Mock-Terror Training Event in Colorado

Starting today (5/15) and lasting until Saturday morning there is going to be a large-scale emergency exercise in Aurora, Colorado. Operation "Vigilant Front Range" will center around a mock terrorist incident and involve Buckley Air Force Base, University of Colorado Hospital, The Children's Hospital, and the University of Colorado Denver campus.
In preparation for the training event, local businesses are warning employees not to be alarmed if they hear large explosions or see smoke and a large number of ambulances and helicopters reports TheDenverChannel.com.

The Aurora city government issued this release (PDF) about the exercise.

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By Planet Data

Air Force Wants Cyber Command in Texas

United States — According to local reports from cities which did not win the selection process (Denver, Omaha, Shreveport), the Air Force has selected San Antonio's Lackland Air Force Base as the home of its new cyber defense force.

Originally the Air Force was to establish the "Cyber Command" as a stand alone command, but now it is being realigned under Air Force Space Command.

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By Planet Data

Government Employees Die in Guatemalan Plane Crash

Guatemala — Five people employed by the Guatemalan government and a pilot died when their plane crashed Thursday after taking off from the La Aurora International Airport. The small plane came down in the yard of an unoccupied home. No one on the ground was injured.

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By Planet Data

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Gets new FSD

United States — The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) announced today (5/14) that Mary Leftridge Byrd has been named the new Federal Security Director (FSD) for Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport.

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By Planet Data

RAF Wants to Purchase More Eurofighter Typhoon Jets

UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown has announced that the Royal Air Force (RAF) is negotiating to purchase a third round of the Eurofighter Typhoon fighter jet.

The aircraft are purchased through the NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency (NETMA), which is a consortium of UK, Germany, Italy and Spain.

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By Planet Data

Militants Threaten All Out Conflict in Niger Delta

Nigeria — The Movement for the Emancipation of Niger Delta (MEND) on Wednesday issued an ultimatium to oil companies to either evacuate all their workers or face an onslaught of attacks against not just oil ships and installations, but also against airplanes and helicopters. On Thursday (5/14) MEND extended the deadline by 48-hours.

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By Planet Data

Air Travelers Pay Attention to Use Your Name on Your ID

Starting May 15, people traveling by air in the United States should make sure the name they are using to make reservations matches what is on the piece of identification they will be using at the airport. This is part of the requirements of the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Secure Flight program in which TSA is assuming the responsibility of vetting passengers against the nations' consolidated "no-fly" watch list.

Phase two of Secure Flight begins August 15, 2009 when passengers will be required to enter their date of birth, gender and redress number (if available) when booking airline tickets.

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By Planet Data

Armenia

Summary

We advise against all but essential travel near the border with Azerbaijan due to the unresolved dispute over Nagorno Karabakh. This particularly covers the border areas of Tavush and Gegharkunic regions, where there is sporadic gunfire. In Tavush Marz we specifically advise against travel on the road from Ijevan to Noyemberyan, which passes close to the border and military emplacements, and on the roads beyond Berd.

There is a low threat from terrorism. But you should be aware of the global risk of indiscriminate terrorist attacks which could be in public areas, including those frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.

Presidential elections in February 2008 were followed by street protests ending in violence on 1 March 2008, followed by a 20-day State of Emergency.

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake.

Local Travel 
  
We advise against all but essential travel near the border of Azerbaijan, particularly the border areas of Tavush and Gegharkunic regions, where there have been reports of sporadic gunfire. We specifically advise against all travel on the road from Ijevan to Noyemberyan, which passes close to the border and military emplacements, where there have also been some recent reports of sporadic gunfire. If travelling between Armenia and Georgia we advise you to use one of the routes further west, or through the Lori region.
 
The land border with Turkey is also closed, but there are now direct flights four times a week from Yerevan to Istanbul with Armavia and Fly Air. Travelling within the South Caucasus can be difficult and needs careful planning.
 
Road Travel 
 
You are permitted to drive in Armenia on an International driving licence. The local standard of driving is poor. If you plan to drive in Armenia, you should be prepared for drivers who drive recklessly and flout traffic laws. The roads are also in a poor state, particularly in the coldest months (November to February). If you are walking, you should be careful when crossing roads and use subways where available.
 
Rail Travel 
  
Public transport is often overcrowded and poorly maintained. If you have to travel by train, secure your valuables, do not leave the compartment unattended, and lock the door from the inside.
 
If your are travelling by rail from Tbilisi you should ensure that you have a valid visa for Armenia before you board the train.
 
Air Travel 

Evidence suggests that some airlines serving Armenia do not always comply with international safety standards in respect of maintenance procedures. Foreign & Commonwealth Office (FCO) staff have therefore been advised to avoid flying with non-scheduled or non-international airlines from Armenia if an acceptable alternative means of travel exists.

Western airlines currently serving Armenia are BMI, Czech Airlines, Lufthansa, Air France and Austrian Airlines.

A Canadian-built CRJ-100, operated by the Belarussian state airline Belavia, crashed shortly after taking off from Yerevan airport on 14 February 2008. There were no fatalities. The causes are currently being investigated. Initial findings suggest poor aircraft maintenance was to blame.

Local laws and customs

Armenia is a Christian country and women can usually dress in normal western-style clothing. Outside the capital people are more conservative and inappropriate dress will attract attention.

You should carry a photocopy of your passport as identification at all times.
 
The use of illegal drugs carries stiff administrative and criminal penalties, including fines and long prison terms. The penalty for smuggling drugs carries a prison term of between four to ten years.
 
Homosexuality was decriminalised in August 2003 but is still an unacceptable lifestyle for the majority of Armenians. We advise gay or lesbian travellers to exercise discretion on visits to Armenia. Although you will see men (and women) holding hands and kissing in public, this is not necessarily an indicator of sexual orientation.
 
You should refrain from photographing sites such as military bases, equipment and installations in whatever condition. These are considered sensitive areas and visitors have been detained and questioned while attempting to photograph them.

Entry requirements

Visas 
  
All visitors to Armenia require a visa. It is possible to get one on arrival at the airport or the main land border crossings of Bagratashen (coming from Georgia) and Meghri (coming from Iran). You can also apply for an e-visa via the Internet on website: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Armenia.
 
If you are arriving by rail from Tbilisi you should ensure that you have a valid visa for Armenia before boarding.
  
Passport validity 
  
Your passport should be valid for at least six months beyond the end of your intended stay.
  
Travelling with children 
  
Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country, or in some cases, before permitting the children to leave the country.

General

Insurance 
  
You are advised to obtain comprehensive medical as well as travel insurance before travelling. This should include cover for medical air evacuation in the event of serious injury or illness.

Registration 
 
Register with our LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency.

Telephone communications 

Communication by telephone and e-mail can sometimes be difficult especially in the regions. You should ensure that family/friends who expect regular contact are aware of this to avoid unnecessary worry.
 
Money

Major credit cards and debit cards displaying the Maestro and/or Cirrus sign are accepted at major stores in Yerevan but far less acceptable outside of the city. Prices for goods and services are often quoted in US Dollars. But by law, payment must be made in Armenian Dram. There are many bank cash dispensers in Yerevan, including several operated by HSBC. The ATMs accept major credit cards and debit cards with the Maestro and/or Cirrus sign displayed on the card and ATM.

Andorra

Travel Summary

There is an underlying threat from terrorism. Attacks, although unlikely, could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.

Andorra is not a Member of the European Union and therefore EU reciprocal medical arrangements do not apply.

Visitors to ski resorts should take advice on weather and avalanche conditions before they travel and throughout their visit (see: http://www.ski.andorra.com and http://www.avalanches.org. See the General (Winter Sports) section of this advice for more details.

We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake.

Local laws and customs

Andorra has strict rules on the possession and use of illegal drugs and applies zero tolerance.
 
Andorra is not a member of the European Union and purchases of duty free tobacco, liquor and luxury goods are subject to taxes and duties on re-entering European Union countries. France and Spain apply strict rules on the amount of tobacco exported from Andorra for personal use (300 cigarettes/400gms pipe tobacco/75 cigars). Amounts in excess of this can be impounded as can the vehicle in which they are transported.
 
Entry requirements

Passport validity 

There is no minimum passport validity requirement for visiting Andorra. You should ensure that your passport is valid for the duration of your visit.

Travelling with children 

Single parents or other adults traveling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting the children to leave the country.
Health

The European Health Insurance Card (EHIC), which has now replaced the E111 form, does not provide health cover in Andorra. It is therefore essential that you have comprehensive travel and medical insurance cover.

You should be aware that, on rare occasions, the consumption of alcohol combined with low temperatures and high altitude can be fatal.
 
You should exercise normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS.
 
You should seek medical advice before travelling to Andorra and ensure that all appropriate vaccinations are up to date.

General

Insurance 
 
It is essential that you have comprehensive travel and medical insurance cover. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake.

LOCATE 

Register with our LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency.

Winter Sports 
 
If you are planning a skiing holiday it is advisable to contact the Andorran Embassy for advice on safety and weather conditions before travelling.

Greetings from the Flower Festival of Larnaka

Greetings from Larnaka, where the Anthestiria Flower Festival took place last weeked, which is a celebration of spring and nature's rebirth. What a pleasure it was to see the parade of flower floats and locals carrying beautiful, fresh flowers along Larnaka's attractive seafront promenade.

The festivities date back to ancient Greek times, when feasts were organised in Athens every four years to honour the god of theatre and parties, Dionysus. Anthestiria were also the festivals of souls, plants and flowers, celebrating the rebirth of man and nature. The word Anthestiria derives from the Greek word anthos, meaning flower.

Meanwhile, our lead Perpetual Traveller article this week is to place Budget airlines on the spotlight and we will ask “How far can Ryanair go?” with their extra charges that is! La Dolce Vita focuses on Canada, whilst we have more from Aviation Security, Hypo Global, Global Security and Cyprus Events.

Here’s wishing you a colorful week!

Grant Holmes 
Eitor
Perpetual Traveller

How far can Ryanair go?

The Budget air travel market has grown significantly over the past decade across the globe and one of the leading airlines fuelling this rise in popularity is Ireland’s Ryanair, an airline that truly pioneered new destinations in regional airports all over Europe, avoiding the major hub expensive airports to support people in different locations, bring down the cost and to inadvertently promote trade, Tourism and travel between unlikely towns and cities. For this we respect Ryanair and no-one can dispute that their low cost formula does not work. 

Part of the concept was to offer people more choice, by de-bundling the classic flight package and allowing people to choose whether they eat and drink in flight or reserve a set seat at check-in. Under the veil of individual choice, millions of people chose to fly with Ryanair and the concept has been duplicated all over the world now, from Spice Jet in India to Air Asia in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 

However, recent newly invented revenue tactics and new measures are slowly beginning to alienate Ryanair passengers and in this time of recession one wonders how they will maintain past passenger volume levels, after antagonizing so many people that travelled with them before.
 
Firstly that great argument of Ryanair “the element of Choice” is now something that is being slowly eroded, in favour of concealed aggressive revenue tactics. Firstly, Ryanair has confirmed that it will close all its airport check-in desks in October 2009. During the phasing out period passengers in the UK for example will be charged up to 20 pounds per person per flight to check in at the airport.

To counter, the carrier has extended its FREE web check in facilities to non EU/EEA citizens, people with checked luggage and passengers with reduced mobility. At first the cost to check-in at the airport was 10 GBP, however on May 1st this fee was increased to the staggering price of 20 GBP per person per flight (more than the cost of some flight), although this fee will not apply to promotional fares.

As Ryanair will close all of its check-in desks from October 1st, they will require all passengers to check in online. Not a lot of choice there! Moreover, a 5 GBP charge will be levied to even online check-ins, again taking away the element of choice and adding 10 GBP to the cost of a return flight.

CEO Michael O’Leary is becoming a little like the Les Miserables character “Master of the House” charging for every little thing he can force on his customers. Booking flights online features the following mirage of add-on sales, some of which are automatically checked, so one needs to be very careful to uncheck them (many Budget carriers are following similar tactics and with Air Asia, the insurance is often impossible to uncheck)…
• Charge to check-in luggage
• Priority Boarding
• Insurance
• Sports and musical equipment
• Special assistance
• Credit card fees

Then of course there is the “Additional Income Streams” as follows…
• Hotels / Hostals / Villas
• Car Hire
• Gift Vouchers
• Airport Parking
• Transfers from the airport miles away
• Mobile Phones in Flight
• Duty Free or sale of goods in flight

Most people are happy and to see Hotels, Car Hire and additional services, however Ryanair are not content with this, as more annoying nickel and dime revenue ideas are on the horizon. First they allowed phone calls in flight, which by all consumer reports to date is judged as most annoying. Now they are considering to charge people to use the toilet in-flight. Ever heard of “I need to spend a Penny”, well CEO Michael O’Leary recently hinted that Ryanair has considered installing coin slots on its cabin toilets. The plan is to charge 1 pound (not just a Penny any more) to use them. Such an idea defies belief and begs many questions like; Will he charge extra for a number 2? What would the Flight Attendants do if passengers held the door open for each other? Is this morally correct, especially if someone has medical issues that requires them to use the WC frequently?

Interestingly the UK Business Traveller Magazine recently carried out a survey on the topic of extra charges, with the lead question as follows…

WHICH CHARGES SHOULD RYANAIR GET RID OF?

The results shown below are interesting to say the least…

Credit cards fees 35.8%
Luggage Charges 21.8%
Airport Check-In 21.5%
Premium –Rate phone lines 14%
Food and Beverage 4.6%
Priority Boarding 2.3%

Whatever next I hear you say? Well here are some other things Ryanair may want to consider to charge…

• For the pleasure of being Security checked
• For a life vest
• Oxygen if needed in an emergency in Flight
• For a reclinable seat
• To look out the window
• For an Isle or Window confirmed seat

The above are tongue and cheek, but in reality it seems that charging for everything is on the agenda!

At Perpetual Traveller we will watch the fortunes of Ryanair and see if they take that bridge too far by introducing too many additional forced charges that annoy people, thus potentially eroding their market share, by alienating their prime source of income “passengers”. We will keep on eye on the other Budget airlines too, so that you can follow the trends.

Happy travels and don’t worry this article was free!

Grant Holmes
Editor
Perpetual Traveller 

Albania

Travel Summary

We advise against all travel to the north east border areas (i.e. the districts of Kukes, Has and Tropoje) between Albania and Kosovo because of the risk of unexploded ordnance placed during the 1999 Kosovo crisis and the poor condition of the roads.

Although public security is generally good, particularly in Tirana, crime and violence still represent a serious problem in some areas. Gun ownership is widespread.

There is an underlying threat from international terrorism. Attacks, although unlikely, could be indiscriminate, including places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers. 

We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling to Albania. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake.  

Local Travel

We advise against all travel to the north east Border areas (i.e. the districts of Kukes, Has and Tropoje) between Albania and Kosovo because of the risk of unexploded ordnance placed near the border during the 1999 Kosovo crisis and the poor condition of the roads (as is the condition of many rural roads around Albania). The area around Tirana, and most of the larger cities, are relatively trouble-free, but you should avoid travelling in the night.

On 15 March 2008, there was a major explosion at an ammunition depot in Gerdec, near Tirana and close to the main Tiaran-Durres motorway ( a section of which was temporarily closed). It is estimated that up to 100,000 tonnes of munitions remain stockpiled at depots throughout Albania. Until surplus, old and degraded munitions are dismantled, they will continue to present a safety risk in areas near such depots.

Road Travel

Driving can be very hazardous. Roads are poor, especially (but not only) in rural areas. In winter, mountain roads are snowy and icy. During hot spells, the tarmac can melt and become slippery. Flash flooding is possible throughout the year. You should stay alert for large, unmarked potholes. Street lighting in urban areas is subject to power cuts. Elsewhere, except on the major inter-urban arterial routes, there is no street lighting, so night travel is best avoided. We suggest using four-wheel drive vehicles in Albania. There is no national recovery system, so cars should be self-sufficient, carrying minor repair equipment including jack, spare wheel, fan belts, wiper blades, local phrase book, first aid kit, water and overnight food when in remote areas.

Drivers with foreign plated vehicles draw particular scrutiny from the Road Traffic Police. You should adhere to road traffic law at all times as committing even minor offences may result in you being fined.

Albanian driving can often be aggressive and erratic. Minor traffic disputes can quickly escalate, especially as some motorists are likely to be armed. If you intend to drive you are strongly advised to avoid reacting to provocative behaviour by other road users. If you are involved in a traffic accident, even a minor one, you are required to wait until the police arrive. This will usually happen quickly in built-up areas.

You should expect queues at all border crossings, especially at weekends and during the summer months.

Swimming 

Albania does not have a blue flag operator, and there is no recognised similar system of assessment of beaches. However, several beaches along the Albanian coast are reported by the Albanian press to be polluted as a result of inadequate sewage disposal and treatment.

Sea Travel 

There have been a number of instances of passenger boat sinkings, usually due to a lack of safety precautions and equipment. In March 2008 a boat capsized on Farka Lake (south of Tirana) killing a number of passengers.
 
Local laws and customs

Homosexuality is not illegal but is not yet accepted as a cultural norm. We also recommend discretion in relation to public displays of affection.
 
Penalties for drug related crimes are severe. 
 
Passport validity 
 
All travellers entering Albania must have at least six months' validity remaining on their passport. See your own Embassy for entry details.
 
Residence 
 
A family seeking to take up residence must additionally provide notarised birth and marriage certificates to the local police authorities.  
 
Entry tax 
 
With effect from 25 November 2008 foreign nationals were no longer required to pay an entry tax.
 
Travelling with children 
 
Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting the children to leave the country. 

Health

Medical facilities (including those for accident and emergency use) are very poor, particularly outside Tirana. We do not recommend using the dental facilities.

There are high levels of Hepatitis in Albania. Rabies is also a matter of concern as there are large numbers of stray dogs, although the last reported case of the disease in Tirana was in 1978.
 
Cases of tick borne encephalitis have been reported in the north of the country. Vaccination is available you should keep all areas of your body covered when close to shrubs or bushes, and to inspect yourself regularly for ticks.
 
Drink only bottled water and UHT milk. 

Insurance 
  
We recommend that comprehensive travel and medical insurance is obtained before travelling to Albania, including evacuation by air ambulance. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake.  

Money 
 
Major credit/debit cards are accepted in most banks and international hotels. You may prefer to use cash as in the past foreigners have been victims of credit card fraud. There are numerous ATM machines in Tirana and main towns, as well as bureaux de change where Sterling, US Dollars and Euros are widely accepted for exchange. Although street money changers operate openly, they do so illegally. We therefore advise you to only use banks or established bureaux de change.

More Airports Get Stimulus Funds for Security Technology

United States — Montana's Great Falls International Airport is receiving more than $386,000 from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to fund the purchase of a Reveal CT-80 explosives detection system reports the Great Falls Tribune. According to Reveal's website, the CT-80 can scan 225 bags per hour.

Read more

By Planet Data

AirTran to Offer Internet Access on All Flights

United States — Low-cost air carrier AirTran announced today (5/12) that by mid-summer it will offer in-flight Wi-Fi on all 136 of its jets. As with most other carriers offering mid-air Internet access, AirTran is deploying Aircell's Gogo Inflight Internet service. Pricing was not announced.

Read more

By Planet Data

DoD Recruiting and Retention Numbers for April 2009

United States — The Defense of Department has announced its April 2009 recruiting and retention numbers for its active and reserve components, and across the board all branches of the military met or exceeded their goals. In particular the Marines by far surpassed its target of 1,018 recruits by more than 60%.

Read more

By Planet Data

FAA Rejects Low-Level Navy Flight Down Hudson River

On Monday (5/11) the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) denied the Navy permission to fly a P-3 Orion airplane down the Hudson River at an altitude of 3,000 feet. 

This was a training flight from Maine's Brunswick Naval Air Station, which has been conducted multiple times since 2001, but with the recent Air Force One photo opportunity flight snafu over Manhattan, you really can't blame the FAA for being extra cautious and not granting permission for this type of flight.

Read more

By Planet Data

Baggage Cart Sucked into 747 Engine at LAX

From LA Times:

"A large metal baggage container was sucked into the engine of a Japan Airlines Boeing 747 on Monday as the giant jetliner prepared to depart with 245 passengers from Los Angeles International Airport, authorities said."

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Militant Safe House Targeted in Drone Attack

Pakistan — A suspected U.S. drone attack killed at least 8 people in Pakistan's South Waziristan region today (5/12). According to multiple reports, two missiles targeted a house used by Taliban and al-Qaeda fighters after returning from or before going to Afghanistan.

Read more

By Planet Data